在用动力电池安全性能测试及退役评价研究

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中图分类号：U463.633 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-8639（2026）02-0011-03

Researchon Safety Performance Testingand Retirement Evaluation of In-use Power Batteries

Meng Lingyu， Liang Jingzhi， Lian Liling， Zhang Yunlong （Guangdong Testing Institute of Product Quality Supervision， Guangzhou 51O67O， China）

【Abstract】With the continuous growth of new energy vehicle ownership，power batteries have massively entered the in-use phase.However，issues related to their performance degradationand safetyrisks are becoming increasingly prominentinactual operation and testing work. During long-term service，characteristicsof powerbateries such as capacity decline，increased internalresistance，anddeteriorationofconsistencynotonlyafectusageperformancebutalsodirectly impactthermalstabilityandsafetyboundaries.Nevertheles，currentpowerbatterymaintenanceandmanagementpractices stillprimarilyusecapacitydegradationas themainretirementcriterion.Thissingle indicatorhaslimitations inaccurately reflecting theactualsafetystatusofbatteries.Basedonpracticalneedsfortestingandevaluationof in-usepowerbateries， this paper analyzes keyfactors affcting the safetyperformanceof in-use power bateries fromanappicationperspective， incorporating batery aging mechanisms and typical safety failure modes.Building on this analysis，it proposes a dualdimensionalcomprehensivetesting and evaluation framework covering both electrical performanceand safetyperformance. The relevant research can provide reference for improving safety management of in-use power batteries and refining technical specifications for retirement determination.

【Key words】in-use power batteries;safety performance；testing system；retirement evaluation

0 引言

近年来，动力电池技术的快速发展推动了新能源汽车产业的规模化应用。（剩余4574字）