1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑硫氰酸盐的合成工艺优化

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中图分类号：TQ031.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-0460（2026）01-0074-05

Optimization of Synthesis Process for 1-Alkyl -3-Methylimidazolium Thiocyanate

WANG Danfeng， MA Shaoning （School ofChemical Engineering，Yinchuan Institute of Energy， Yinchuan Ningxia 7501o5， China）

Abstract：The ionic liquid1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide （[EMIm]Br） and1-butyl3-methyl imidazolium chloride （[BMIm]Cl） were synthesized from 1-methyl imidole and halide （1-bromoethane，1-chlorobutane） by Nalkylation reaction，respectively.Subsequently，theyunderwent ion exchange reaction with potassium thiocyanate to synthesize thetargetproducts1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazoliumthiocyanate（[EMImSCN）and1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium thiocyanate （[BMIm]SCN），and the structure and properties of the products weresystematically characterized using FT-IR， TG-DTG， and 1H NMR techniques. The effect of reaction solvent， reaction temperature， reaction ime and other factors on the yield were further investigated.The results showed that when acetone was used as solvent， the molar ratio of intermediate （[EMIm]Br， [BMIm]Cl） to potassium thiocyanate was 1：1.05 ， thereaction temperature was 50∘C ， and the reaction time was 8h ， the yields of [EMIm]SCN and [BMIm]SCN were 95.4% and 94.2% ，respectively.

KeyWords：1-Methylimidazole;1-Ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium thiocyanate;1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate; Ionic liquid; Potassium thiocyanate; Chemical reaction; Synthesis

离子液体在室温下一般呈现液体形态、由游离的有机阳离子和无机阴离子组成[1-3]，将其阴、阳离子类型进行替换或者把某些特殊的官能团引入其中，可获得具有特有性质和功能的离子液体，这使得离子液体的发展更加迅速，应用领域更加宽广。（剩余9512字）