沥青组分分离与微观结构分析

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中图分类号：TQ028；O652.63 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-0460（2026）01-0026-05

Asphalt Component Separation and Microstructure Analysis

WU Cai

(Sinopec (Dalian) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co.,Ltd., Dalian Liaoning 116045, China）

Abstract:Themicrostructureofasphalt isakey factor influencing itsroad performance.Two differentoil-source asphalts (A and B)were separated into eight components by solid-phasechromatography.The microstructures of the asphaltsand theircomponents were systematicallycharacterized byFourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1H -NMR). The results showed that asphalt A had higher content of saturated fractions,lower contents of aromatic fractions and resins,and extremelylow content ofasphaltenes.Due to the strong polarity of its components,the elution rate of asphalt Awas only 81.8% ,while that of asphaltBwasas high as 99.2% FTIR and 1H -NMR analysis results indicated that each component could well inherit the structural characteristics of the original asphalt: the carbonyl content inasphalt Aand itscomponents was relatively high,mainlydistributed in the aromatic fractions and resins,especially concentrated in the middle resin part,and the sulfoxidecontent was relatively low;asphalt B and its components had higher content of sulfoxides,and both carbonyl groups and sulfoxides were mainly distributed in the middle resins.Inaddition,asphalt Aand itscomponents had more chain structures andshorter side chains compared with asphalt B.

Key words:Asphalt; Eightcomponents; Chromatography;Separation; Infraredspectroscopy; NMR; Chemical analysis

沥青作为一种高性能热塑性有机黏结材料，广泛用作道路建设中的黏结剂，能够在数十年间持续承受温度、光照、车辆荷载等多物理场的反复作用。（剩余11677字）