基于高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术的果蔬中农药残留快速检验方法优化

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关键词：高效液相色谱-质谱联用；果蔬；农药残留；快速检测

中图分类号：TS207.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1674-0270（2026）01-0089-04

DOl: 10.16043/j.cnki.cfs.2026.01.023

Optimization of a Rapid Detection Method for Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables Based on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

CUI Hao, ZHANG Shanshan, WEI Chengcheng (Tengzhou Quality,Metrology and Testing Center, Zaozhuang 2775OO, China)

Abstract: Thisstudyselected leafy vegetables (spinach),melonand fruit vegetables (cucumber),berry fruits (strawberry) and high-pigment vegetables (red cabbage)as the typical research objects,a multi-matrix adaptable rapid detection method for pesticide residues was established based on the simplification of QuEChERS pretreatment technology and the systematic optimization of HPLC-MS/MS detection conditions.The optimal detectionconditions were determined by optimizing the extraction solvent,purifying agent ratio,chromatographic gradient elution procedureand masspectrometric MRM parameters.The results show that theoptimized method requires only15 minforsample pretreatmentand shortens the single-sample analysis time to 8 min.For 25 common high-risk pesticides,the limits of detection (LOD)range from 0.001 to 0.01 μg/kg and the limits of quantification (LOQ) range from O.OO3 to 0.03 |μg/kg ,all of which are lower than the maximum residue limits specified in GB 2763—2O21 (National Food Safety Standard). The spiked recovery rates at low, medium and high levels are in the range of 82.3% 2 114.6% , with the relative standard deviation (SRSD)≤7.8% . The matrix effect coeffcientsarebetween O.89 and1.O7,andtheaccuracy isgood aftercorrection with the matrix-matched standard curve.This method is simpleto operate,rapid,efficientand widelyadaptable,whichcanmeet thedemand for rapid screning of large batches of fruit and vegetable samples in scenarios such as random sampling in farmers' markets and import and export quarantine,providing reliable technical support for the food safety supervision of pesticide

residuesin fruitsand vegetables

Key Words: high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem massspectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS);fruits and vegetables; pesticide residues; rapid detection

有机磷、拟除虫菊酯、氨基甲酸酯及双酰胺类等农药在果蔬种植中的广泛应用，易导致残留超标问题，长期摄入会引发致癌、致畸及内分泌紊乱等健康风险。（剩余7306字）