启发式教学融入工科大学生实验教学环节的探索与实践

——以冶金过程原理实验课程为例

中图分类号：G640 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2096-000X（2026）09-0042-04

Abstract：Enhancingtheexperimentalandinnovativeskilsofengineeringundergraduatesisessentialforcultivatinghighqualitytalentunderthe"NewEnginering"framework．Improvingexperimentalteachingqualityisurgentlyneededtomeetthe evolvingdemandsofindustryandapplication-orientedtalentdevelopment.CentralSouthUniversitybuildingonthenatioaly recognizedPrinciplesofMetalurgicalProcessscourse，hasexploredintegratingheuristicteachingmetodsintoundergraduate experimentaleducation.Bycombiningtheorywithpractice，thisaproachaddresskeychallngesinexperimentalistruction throughathreestepcycle："observation，practic，andanalyticalthinking"，fosteringcriticalthinkingandproblem-solvingsils. Afour-stageexperimentalsytem-comprisingbasicexperiments，characteristicexperiments，iovationprojects，andompetitiosfurther enhances engineering innovation capabilities.The "2-3-4 "experimental teaching model stimulates interest，improves hands-onskils，andofersareferenceforincorporatingheuristicmethodsintoengineeringeducation，layingasolidfoudation for cultivating interdisciplinary talent aligned with "New Engineering" requirements.

Keywords：laboratoryteaching;heuristicteaching;PrinciplesofMetalurgicalProceses；engineeringschol;；inovation capacity

冶金工程作为国家“双一流"建设“ A+ ；学科，是全国乃至世界一流的冶金人才培养基地，承担着为国内外冶金及相关行业输送具有国际竞争力的高素质专业和领军人才的重任。（剩余6394字）