通风管道路堤在青藏高原多年冻土区的最新研究进展

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DOI：10.19981/j.CN23-1581/G3.2026.12.025

中图分类号：P642.14

文献标志码： A

文章编号：2095-2945（2026）12-0099-04

Abstract： The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau hosts the world's largest high-altitude permafrost， where embankment stability is critical for transport infrastructure. Climate warming has intensified permafrost degradation and related failures. Ventilated duct embankments （VDEs）， based on natural and forced convection， have gained increasing attention as an active cooling measure. This review summarizes progress in cooling mechanisms， structural designs， design parameters， and long-term thermal stability. Findings show that synergistic convection is the core mechanism， while bidirectional systems， perforated ducts， and composite structures markedly enhance cooling efficiency. Pipe geometry （diameter， depth， spacing， gravel thickness， extension length） and environmental factors （slope aspect， wind regime） strongly affect performance. Numerical simulations and monitoring confirm cooling potential， yet durability under freeze-thaw cycles and climate adaptability remain major challenges. Future work should emphasize coupled mechanism modeling， new durable materials， smart regulation technologies， and long-term climate-based assessments. Developing standardized guidelines will be essential for sustainable application of VDEs in permafrost transport infrastructure.

Keywords： Qinghai–Xizang Plateau; permafrost region; ventilation pipe subgrade; cooling mechanism; structural optimization; thermal stability

青藏高原拥有广泛的高海拔多年冻土区，其路基稳定性对交通基础设施至关重要。（剩余4887字）