美国被告人品格证据规则的运用及其借鉴

中图分类号：D915.13 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1004-0714（2026)02-0052-04

TheApplication of Character Evidence Rules for Defendants in the United States and Its Implications

LYVYunru (SchoolofHiesdoUesityiecedoog69oino)

Abstract:TheU.S.Federal RulesofEvidencedetailed regulations on thecharacterevidenceof criminaldefendants aimtorestrict the prosecution‘s use of such evidence，preventing prejudice among judges or juries that couldcompromise trial objectivity.While China lacks a comprehensive character evidence system,nascent provisionsinitslawsand judicialinterpretationsreflectanalogous principles.Given thatdefendant character evidence influences convictionand sentencing in Chinese judicial practice,itisimperative tolintroduce relevant rules.This paper comprehensivelyanalyzes the content oftheU.S.regulations governing defendant character evidence，including their underlying theories，exclusion principles，and excep tions.Itfurtherexplorestheimplicationsoftheserules for China‘sevidence-ruledevelopment,emphasizingtheimportance of procedural fairness incriminal trials tosafeguard defendants‘legitimaterights.

Keywords:Character Evidence;Federal Rules of Evidence;Criminal Defendant

一、引言

品格证据规则是英美法系中一项重要的证据规则，在英美的刑事审判中，品格证据规则的主要核心是避免法官在刑事审判中的不公正偏见影响案件的真实性和客观性，从而有利于提高案件事实认定的真实性。（剩余8391字）