全球捕捞量衰减背景下北部湾捕捞量及渔民生计影响调研

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中图分类号：Q958 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004—6755（2026）04—0077—05

Research on the livelihoods offishermen amidst decliningfish catch in the Beibu Gulf

LIANG Ziqi，SHU Yanqi，LI Junyi （College of Ocean and Meteorology，Guangdong Ocean University，Zhanjiang 524088，China）

Abstract：As one of China's four major fishing grounds，the Beibu Gulf's marine fishery catches are closely tied to the livelihoods of local fishermen. To clarify the trends in marine fishery yields in the Beibu Gulf and the current livelihood status of fishermen，this study analyzes marine catch data from Guangxi and Zhanjiang from 2Oo3 to 2023， along with remote sensing data on sea surface temperature and chlorophyll一a concentration，as well as the characteristics of marine heatwaves. The results indicate an upward trend in sea surface temperature， chlorophyll一a concentration，and the frequency of marine heatwaves in the Beibu Gulf，suggesting a risk of eutrophication. Concurrently， fishery catches have shown a yearly decline. Against this backdrop，field surveys were conducted at Caotan and Jianghong fishing ports in Suixi County，with 6O questionnaires. The survey results reveal issues among fishermen in the Beibu Gulf，including an aging workforce，reliance on a single production method，and a lack of stable income during moratoriums. This research aims to provide relevant authorities to optimize fishery policies，protect fishery resources，and safeguard fishermen’s livelihoods.

Key words：Beibu Gulf；environmental changes;fishery decline

联合国粮农组织发布的《2025年世界海洋渔业资源状况评估》中指出，全球约有 35.5% 的鱼类种群面临过度捕捞，并以每年约 1% 的速度上升[1]。（剩余6616字）