鲁北地区宽体金线蛭温室早繁与苗种高效培育技术研究

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中图分类号：S966.9 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004—6755（2026）04—0043—04

Research on greenhouse early propagation and high-efficiency seedling cultivation technology of Whitmania pigra in Northern Shandong Region

LI Xiangyue1，ZHANG Shihao²，GAO Zhaoming1，SHI Xingjie³ （1.Binzhou Ocean Development Research Institute，Binzhou 2566oo，China; 2.Shandong Fisheries Mutual Insurance Association，Jinan 25oooo，China； 3．Binzhou Hengtong Fisheries Freshwater Aquaculture Technology Co.，Ltd.，Binzhou 2566oo，China）

Abstract：To address the industrial botlenecks of delayed reproduction caused by low spring temperatures and low seedling survival rates due to high summer temperatures in the culture of Whitmania pigra in northern Shandong，this study conducted systematic experiments and applications on early propagation in greenhouses，composite substrate incubation，and seedling cultivation techniques from March 2023 to August 2O25 in Binzhou City，Shandong Province. The results showed that the early propagation mode in greenhouses could increase the recovery rate of parent leeches to 78% ，which was 33 percentage points higher than that of the traditional outdoor mode. Additionally，the harvesting time of egg cocoons was advanced by 42 days，extending the efective growth period by nearly 2 months. The use of a composite substrate （volume ratio 1：1 ）of pond sediment and mushroom residue for incubation achieved an egg hatching rate of 96.4% ，which was 10.7 percentage points higher than that of the traditional farmland soil substrate;the body length and weight of hatched juvenile leeches increased significantly by 18.9% and 58.3% ，respectively. By optimizing facilities and feed，the seedling rearing mode of "small greenhouse cages （90 mesh） + juvenile Radix auricularia as opening bait" achieved a survival rate of 81.3% at a high stocking density of 5 7Oo individuals/ ，which was 12.0 percentage points higher than the open-air cage mode. The technical system constructed in this study provides effective technical support for large-scale seedling production of Whitmania pigra in northern Shandong and similar climatic zones.

Key words：Whitmania pigra ; early propagation in greenhouse;composite substrate; seedling cultivation；Northern Shandong area

宽体金线蛭（Whitmaniapigra），俗称蚂蟥，隶属于环节动物门（Annelida）蛭纲（Hirudinea）颚蛭目（Gnathobdellida），其干燥全体是中医临床治疗心脑血管疾病的重要药材[1]。（剩余4564字）