2型糖尿病患者糖尿病肾病发生情况、高危因素及其护理策略

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[中图分类号]R587 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1672-4062（2026）02（b）-0001-05

The Occurrence，High-Risk Factors and Nursing Strategies of Diabetic NephropathyinPatientswith Type2DiabetesMellitus

HEFangkai'，TANJun'，ZENGCangyu²，XIEBiqi’，WENHuimin

1.Departmentof Health Medicine，91Oth Hospitalof the Joint Logistic SupportForce，Quanzhou 3620oo，Fujian， China;2.Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation，91Oth Hospital of the JointLogistic Support Force，Quanzhou 36200o， Fujian，China

[Abstract]Objective To explore the occurrence，high-risk factorsand nursingstrategies of diabeticnephropathy （DN） in patients with type2diabetes melitus （T2DM）.Methods The clinical data of 218 patients with T2DM who underwent health examinationsatthe PhysicalExamination Centerof the91Oth Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force from January 2O23 to December 2O24 were retrospectively selected.They were divided into the occurrence group （97cases）and the non-occurrence group （121 cases） based on whether DN occurred.The general data and blood biochemicalindicators of the two groups were compared.Multivariate binaryLogisticregression wasusedto analyzeitshigh-risk factors.Results There were statisticallsignificant diferences inthecourseof diabetesandthe history of hypertension between the two groups （all P<0.05 ）.There were statistically significant differences in the levels oftotal cholesterol，low-densitylipoproteincholesterol，，high-densitylipoproteincholesterol，hypersensitiveCreactive protein，glycated hemoglobinAlc，urinary microalbumin excretion rate，serum creatinine，estimated glomerular filtration rate， blood urea nitrogen，and cystatin C between the two groups （all P<0.05 ）.The results of multivariate binaryLogistic regression analysis showed that a diabetescourse of ⩾ 10 years，combined hypertension，glycated hemoglobin ≥7%，urinary microalbumin excretion rate≥2O μg/min，and cystatin C≥1.Omg/L were high-risk factors for DN （all P<0.05 ）.Conclusion The high-risk factors for DN in patients with T2DM include a disease course of>1O years， hypertension，glycated hemoglobinAlc，urinary microalbumin excretionrate，andabnormal cystatin Clevel.Clinicaly，targetednursing strategiescanbeformulatedforthese high-risk factors toreduce therisk of DNoccurrence.

[KeyWords] Type 2 diabetes melitus; Diabetic nephropathy; High-risk factors; Nursing strategy

近年来，随着生活方式的改变和人口老龄化加剧，2型糖尿病（type2 diabetesmellitus，T2DM）发病率逐年攀升，已成为全球公共卫生领域的重大挑战，糖尿病肾病（diabeticnephropathy，DN）作为T2DM最常见的微血管并发症之一，其起病隐匿、进展缓慢，早期可无明显症状，一旦出现临床蛋白尿，肾功能往往不可逆减退，最终可能发展为终末期肾病，严重影响患者生活质量并增加医疗负担[。（剩余4995字）