铁路货车焊接质量提升关键技术与系统化研究

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DOI：10.19981/j.CN23-1581/G3.2026.11.010

中图分类号：TG457

文献标志码：A

文章编号：2095-2945（2026）11-0047-04

Abstract： In view of the problems of high welding defect rate and insufficient fatigue life of railway freight cars， this paper takes the C80E coal gondola car as the research object and carries out key improvements from three aspects： process optimization， intelligent testing and management system innovation. In terms of technology， laser-MIG hybrid welding technology is used， the weld penetration is increased by 50%， the surface is smooth， and the tensile strength is enhanced; the heat input is reduced by 47%， the brittleness of the heat-affected zone is reduced， and the overall stability is improved. Intelligent inspection introduces a visual inspection system based on deep learning， equipped with high-resolution cameras and advanced algorithms， which can quickly analyze welds in complex environments， with a defect identification accuracy rate of 99.2%， improving inspection efficiency and reducing manual errors and time. Management System Establish a PDCA cyclic quality management system to carry out closed-loop management to reduce quality loss costs and make production processes more efficient. Research has significantly improved the fatigue life of the car body to 1.5×107 cycles， providing technical support for the safety improvement of China's heavy-haul railway freight equipment and ensuring transportation reliability and safety.

Keywords： truck body; welding quality; laser-MIG hybrid welding; machine vision; PDCA cycle

铁路货车，作为承载和运输大量货物的重要工具，在整个铁路运输系统中扮演着至关重要的角色。（剩余6027字）