亚临界水的特性及在钻井液中的应用研究进展

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引用格式：. 亚临界水的特性及在钻井液中的应用研究进展[J]. 当代化工，2026,55（4）：964-970.

LI Xiong. Characteristics of Subcritical Water and Research Progress in Its Application in Drilling Fluid[J]. Contemporary Chemical Industry, 2026, 55(4): 964-970.

1,2

（1. ；

2. 中石化石油工程技术研究院有限公司，北京 ）

关键词：亚临界水；水基钻井液；热致相分离；疏水缔合聚合物；流变性调控

中图分类号：TE254；TQ316 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-0460（2026）04-0964-08

Characteristics of Subcritical Water and Research Progress in Its Application in Drilling Fluid

LI Xiong 1,2

(1. State Energy Key Laboratory of Carbonate Oil and Gas, Beijing , China; 2. Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing , China)

Abstract: As global oil and gas exploration and development expand into deeper and ultra-deep layers, drilling fluid is facing increasingly harsh high-temperature and high-pressure environments. When the bottom hole temperature exceeds 100 °C, the continuous phase of water-based drilling fluid, water, enters a subcritical state, leading to significant changes in its physicochemical properties, which can result in a series of issues such as unstable drilling fluid performance and ineffective treatment agents. By analyzing the special properties of subcritical water and its impact on the performance degradation of water-based drilling fluid, key influencing mechanisms such as thermally induced phase separation effects, treatment agent failure mechanisms and reservoir damage risks were clarified. The molecular design principles of high-temperature resistant treatment agents based on the characteristics of subcritical water, as well as the construction and optimization methods of drilling fluid systems, were elaborated. The current technical bottlenecks in this field, as well as future development directions such as intelligent responsive materials and subcritical water reaction regulation, were discussed.

Keywords: Subcritical water; Water-based drilling fluid; Thermally induced phase separation; Hydrophobic associative polymer; Rheological control

我国塔里木盆地、四川盆地等重点勘探区域的深层油气埋深普遍超过 7 000 m，井底温度大于 200 ℃，部分区域甚至超过 240 ℃。（剩余18991字）