高酸原油中有机氮组分对加氢裂化催化剂中毒行为机制分析

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引用格式：. 高酸原油中有机氮组分对加氢裂化催化剂中毒行为机制分析[J]. 当代化工，2026， 55（4）：833-838.

SUN Guanghui， KOU Xiaoli， LI Guizhen. Analysis of Poisoning Mechanism of Organic Nitrogen Components in High-Acid Crude Oil on Hydrocracking Catalysts[J]. Contemporary Chemical Industry， 2026， 55（4）：833-838.

孙广辉，寇晓丽，李桂珍

中图分类号：TQ016

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1671-0460（2026）04-0833-06

Analysis of Poisoning Mechanism of Organic Nitrogen Components in High-Acid Crude Oil on Hydrocracking Catalysts

SUN Guanghui， KOU Xiaoli， LI Guizhen

（Shandong Huaxing Petrochemical Co.， Ltd.， Dongying Shandong 257335， China）

Abstract： The poisoning effect of organic nitrogen compounds in high-acid crude oil on hydrocracking catalysts was systematically investigated by analyzing their structural characteristics， distribution patterns， and kinetic behaviors， combined with fixed-bed evaluations and multi-technique characterizations. High-resolution mass spectrometry and spectroscopic analysis results revealed that pyridine， quinoline， and carbazole-type nitrogen compounds were significantly enriched in higher boiling fractions， with nitrogen mass concentration increasing from 150 mg·L -1 to 1 300 mg·L -1， accompanied by enhanced aromatic condensation. Fixed-bed test results showed that catalyst conversion decreased from 85.2% to 62.7%， while the apparent rate constant （k app） dropped from 0.118 h -1 to 0.063 h -1. Hydrogen treatment resulted in only limited acidity recovery of about 20%， decreasing from 20.3% to 15.9% with increasing nitrogen content， highlighting the restricted detoxification effect. Further characterization results indicated that metal dispersion decreased from 22.4% to 13.2%， and NiMoS particle size increased from 3.8 nm to 6.1 nm， reflecting a severe attenuation of metal-support synergy. In-situ FTIR revealed that carbazole exhibited the strongest adsorption， and poisoning intensity was positively correlated with detoxification difficulty （R 2=0.91）. These findings demonstrate that organic nitrogen poisoning is both structure-dependent and kinetically persistent， manifested as the synergistic effects of metal site coverage， acid site neutralization and pore blockage.

Keywords： High-acid crude oil; Organic nitrogen compounds; Hydrocracking catalyst; Poisoning mechanism; Microscopic; Measurement; Control

高酸原油因其价格低廉和储量丰富，逐渐成为炼油工业的重要加工对象 [1-2] 。（剩余9796字）