厌氧氨氧化 MBR 快速启动及脱氮性能分析

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引用格式：，汪健桦，钱伟杰，等. 厌氧氨氧化 MBR 快速启动及脱氮性能分析[J]. 当代化工，2026， 55（4）：887-891.

HUANG Lianzhi， WANG Jianhua， QIAN Weijie， et al. Rapid Start-up and Nitrogen Removal Performance Analysis of Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation MBR[J]. Contemporary Chemical Industry， 2026， 55（4）：887-891.

314006）

中图分类号：X505；TQ092

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1671-0460（2026）04-0887-05

Rapid Start-up and Nitrogen Removal Performance Analysis of Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation MBR

HUANG Lianzhi 1， WANG Jianhua 1， QIAN Weijie 1， ZHANG Cuicui 1， CHEN Lüjun 2，3， ZHENG Wei 3

Zhejiang Shuangyi Environmental Technology Development Co.， Ltd.， Jiaxing Zhejiang 314000， China; School of Environment， Tsinghua University， Beijing 100084， China;

Institute of Ecological Environment， Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University， Jiaxing Zhejiang 314006， China）

Abstract： The sludge from denitrification tank of sewage treatment plant was used for the start-up of anaerobic ammonia oxidation， and the changes of nitrogen and microbial community structure during the start-up process were investigated. The results showed that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction began in only 44 d under the conditions of continuous water inlet and outlet at 32 °C， pH=7.6 and dissolved oxygen < 0.2 mg·L -1 . The start-up of anaerobic ammonium oxidation went through three stages： sludge adaptation period， activity improvement period and stable operation period. The sludge gradually changed from black flocculent sludge during inoculation to reddish-brown granular sludge， and the particle size of granular sludge was mainly distributed in 0.6 – 0 mm. The removal rates of NH4+-N ， NO2--N and TN could reach 99%， 95% and 80%， respectively. Through high-throughput sequencing， it was found that the dominant phylum of microorganisms changed obviously during the enrichment culture process， and the relative abundance of Planctomycetes of anammox bacteria increased from 1.43% to 10.40% in 48 d. The combination of anaerobic ammonia oxidation and membrane bioreactor can effectively enrich anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in sludge， reduce sludge loss and realize rapid start-up of anaerobic ammonia oxidation.

Keywords： Anammox; Membranes; Microflora; Granular sludge; Biological nitrogen removal; Waste water

随着人们生活条件的改善，石化、制药、食品等行业迅速发展，与此同时排放的高氨氮废水也逐渐增多，传统的生物脱氮工艺对废水中有机物浓度的要求较高，难以满足低碳高氮废水的脱氮要求。（剩余8749字）