“劳动”作为人的历史性境遇

——对“全部人的活动迄今为止都是劳动”的解读

中图分类号：F014.2;A121 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-6916（2026）05-0044-06

"Labor” as the Historical Situation of Humanity

- An Interpretation of“All Human Activity Hitherto Has Been Labor"

Li Haoze

（SchoolofPhilosophy，InnerMongoliaUniversity，HohhotO10021）

Abstract：Thepropositionthat“allhumanactivityhithertohaseenlabor，”putforwardbyMarxintheEconomicandPilosoicManuscriptsf184anegadstalaofx’slyaltoughtseostmelditoofaliut aprofoundphilosopicaljudgmentBsedonMarx’scritiqueofpoliticalconomythispaperarguesthatthconceptof“abor”mrelyre gardshumanbeigsasameansofreatingwealthbscuingthefactthatlabor，as“freandconsciousactity，shouldembodythecis esenceofhumanityUnderconditiosofprvateowershiandalenationthisauthenticactityhasompletelydegeneateditooplso laborforsurvival.Mar’spropositionthat“allhumaactivityhiertoseenabor”preciselyevealsthatalieatedlaborhastraeded thespereofateralproduction，pmeatedndshapdteoverallandscapeofhumaactivityterebyausing“llactit”toebit thealienatedfeaturesof“labor”.Tus，history“hitherto”isthehistoryofhumanitybeingdominatedbyitsownalienatedlabor.

Keywords： Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844; labor; activity; alienated labor; free and conscious

马克思“全部人的活动迄今为止都是劳动”[1]193这一论断旨在揭示人类存在的历史性结构，其认为在私有制条件下，人类活动的总体被一种特定的历史形式所支配。（剩余10633字）