基于变温热处理与茎尖培养的花牛苹果砧木试管苗脱毒技术研究

打开文本图片集

关建词：花牛苹果砧木；试管苗；热处理；2次剥茎尖；脱毒；病毒检测

文章编号：2096-8108（2026）02-0001-05 中图分类号：S661.1 文献标识码：A

Detoxification of Huaniu Apple Rootstock by Combined Thermal Treatment and Stem Tip Culture Virus Test of Test-Seedlings

YANG Junxia1，SU Xiaolin²，MA Jianfang1，WU Ye1，WANG Yingl （1. Tianshui Research Institute of Pomology，Tianshui Gansu 74loO2，China; 2.Baiyiwo Biotechnology Co.，Ltd.，ZhuanglangGansu 7446o6，China）

Abstract：【Objective】This studyaimed tooptimize the virus-free technologysystem for tissue-cultured rootstock seedlings of Huaniu apples toobtain highquality virus-free materials.【Methods】Tissue-cultured seedlings ofseven Huaniuapple rootstocks，namelyG935，Qingzhen1，HuailBegonia，Xinjiang wildapple，Pingyitiancha，Wuqiqiuzi and Shandingzi，were usedas experimental materials.The efects ofheattreatment methods anddurationonvirus elimination eficiencywere systematicallyinvestigated.【Results】Theresultsshowed thattheheattreatment methodwasakeyfactorafectingthesurvival rate and virus elimination eficiency of the tissue-cultured seedlings.A variable temperature treatment of 38∘C with light for 10 hours followed by 32°C in darkness for 8 hours proved to be the most effective，achieving plant survival rates between 72% （20 and 90% . Underthesame heat treatment method，the inoculation site，whether shoot tipor lateralbud，hadno significant impactonte survivalrate.Basedonthisoptimal variable temperature treatment，diferent treatment durations of15，20，25， 30，35，40 and 45 days were tested in combination with a secondary shottip excision and culture.The treatment duration of 35 days achieved the best virus elimination effect，with a virus-free rate of 75% to 100% for shoot tips. The virus elimination efficiency of shoot tips was significantly higher than that of lateral buds，which was only 38% ，making the former more than twice as effective as the latter. 【Conclusion】 This study established an efficient virus-free protocol using a 35- day variable temperature treatment of 38∘C with light for 10 hours followed by 32°C in darkness for 8 hours，combined with secondary shoot tip culture. Virus-free tissue-cultured seeding materials for all 7 rootstocks were successfully obtained.

Key words：Huaniu apple rotstock；tissuecultured seedling;heattreatment;secondary shoot tipexcision；virus elimina

tion；virus detection

苹果属蔷薇科苹果属，原产于欧洲及亚洲中部，在全世界温带地区均有种植。（剩余6001字）