生物质炭多层级改性及其在环境治理中的应用

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中图分类号Q948 文献标志码A 文章编号 1007-7731（2026）02-0106-04

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.02.026

Multi-level modification of biochar and its application in environmental remediation

Yang Fulin

（Chuzhou Ecological Environment Bureau， Chuzhou 239ooo， China）

AbstractAs aversatile material，biocharexhibits extensiveapplication potential inenvironmental remediation due to itsadsorption capabilities.Modification methods were summarized from 3 aspects：pore structure，surface functional groups，and loaded metal active components.In terms of pore structure regulation，activating agents such as ZnCl and KOH can be used to tailor the pore structure of biochar，increasing its specific surface area and the number of active sites，thereby enhancing its adsorption capacity for gases （CO ）and organic pollutants.Regarding the modulation of surfacefunctional groups，methods including oxidation （introducing acidic oxygen-containing functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups using strong acids and strong bases），amination （introducing amino groups using urea or ammonia）， and sulfonation （incorporating sulfonic groups with concentrated H2 SO4）enable the directed introduction of oxygen ，nitrogen ，and sulfur-containing functional groups.These modifications improve biochar's ability to adsorb heavy metalsand organic pollutants.Inthe case of loading metal active components，employing metalsalts （such as 号 MgCl2 ，FeCl 3 ，and ZnCl2 ） facilitates comprehensive enhancement of biochar's properties，including specific surface area，pore structure，pore size distribution，and surface functional groups.This review provides a valuable reference for the directed modification and improvement of biochar.

Keywords biochar;adsorption capacity;modification; directed regulation

生物质炭作为一种原材料丰富、制备工艺简单且环境友好的多孔材料，其吸附能力在环境治理领域具有较大的应用潜力[1-2]。（剩余7959字）