改性果木生物炭对石灰性土壤磷有效性及小麦生长的影响

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关键词：改性；果木；生物炭；石灰性土壤；磷；有效性；小麦生长

中图分类号：S158.3 文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2026）02-0048-09

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.02.008

Effects of modified fruit-wood biochar on phosphorus availability in calcareous soil and wheat growth

FAN Yi-xuan1， JIANG Wen-qian1，LI Ze-yu1，WANG Xu-dong1，ZHANG Yu-lin1.2 （1.CollegeofraloudEonthst&Utgiia;Kbot NutritionandAgroenvironmentinNothwestChina，MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairs，Yangling1oo，ShaaniChina）

Abstract：Toinvestigatetheregulatoryefectsoffruitoodbocharmodifidbydiferentchemicalmethodsonphosphorusavailabilityincalcareoussoilandwheat growth，andtooptimizetheappicationstrategyofbiocharinphosphorus management，thefectsof fruit-wood biocharmodifiedby KH2PO4 ，citric acid，and HCl on the available phosphorus content in calcareous soil，the dry weight of wheat，andthephosphorusuptakeinwheatshotsweresystematicallevaluatedthroughaninubationexperimentandapotexperiment.Theresultsshowedthatamong thethre modifidtreatments，therewasnosignificantdiferenceintheavailablephosphoruscontentbetweetherinsedandunrinsedbiochar，sotheunrinsedbiocharwasuniformlyusedinthesubsequentexperiments.ThemodificationwithKH2PO significantly increasedtheavailable phosphoruscontentofthe biochar.Afterapplication to thesoil，itcould release phosphorus，causingthesoilavailablephosphorus contenttoreachapeakat14daysandmaintainarelatively highlevelfora long period. At an application rate of 2.0% ，a second release peak appeared at 4O days，demonstrating a good slow-release property. The biochar modified by KH2PO 4 showed the best effect at an application rate of 1.0% ，which not only significantly increased the dry weightofwheatbutalsosignificantlyenhancedthephosphorusuptakeinwheatshots.AftertheapplicationofbiocharmodifiedbycitricacidrHCltothesoil，therewasnoobviouschangeinthesoilavailablephosphoruscontent.ThebiocharmodifiedbyKHO4was more suitable as a slow-release phosphorus carrier for the amelioration of calcareous soil.

Key Words：modified biochar;fruit-wood;calcareous soil；phosphorus；availability；wheat growth

磷是植物生长不可或缺的营养元素，充足的磷供应是保障农作物高产的重要前提[1]。（剩余13431字）