广西地方标准《海水养殖尾水排放标准》解读

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中图分类号：S967 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004-6755（2026）02-0071—04

Analysis of the local standard "marine aquaculture tailwater discharge standard" in Guangxi

WANG Qiongmei1，WU Mingsong²，LIU Fei³，YANG Binru³，CHEN Zhangyil

（1.BeihaiEnvironmentalInformationCenter，Beihai536oo7，China；2.NortheasternUniversityQinhuangdaoBranch， QinhuangdaoO66004，China；3.BeihaiEnvironmentalEmergencyandSolidWasteManagementCenter，Beihai53607，China

Abstract：As a major coastal fishery province（Autonomous Region）in China， Guangxi relies on marine aquaculture as one of its pillar industries，which has significantly contributed to the coastal economy and improved the livelihoods of local fishermen. However，the rapid expansion of the industry has been hampered by extensive farming practices，lagging environmental protection facilities，and the absence of discharge standards for aquaculture efluent. Concurrently，the deterioration of seawater quality in some areas has become increasingly prominent. Intensive aquaculture activities in bays such as Maowei Sea and Tieshan Port have led to a decline in water quality in recent years，adversely affecting the health of the marine ecosystem. The promulgation of the Guangxi local standard "Discharge Standard of Tailwater for Mariculture" （DB45/T 2841—2024） defines four key terms："marine aquaculture"，"marine aquaculture tail water"，"closed marine aquaculture"，and "marine aquaculture unit". It specifies the classification of receiving sea areas and the grading system for tailwater discharge. The Standard establishes five core parameters： suspended solids， pH ，chemical oxygen demand （ CODMn ），total nitrogen，and total phosphorus. Effective implementation of the Discharge Standard of Tailwater for Mariculture willfill the longstanding gap in regulatory standards for marine aquaculture tailwater discharge along the Guangxi coast. It provides crucial technical support and guidance for practitioners， aquaculture enterprises，and regulatory authorities. This article offers a systematic interpretation of the Standard's formulation background， definitions， classification and grading system， monitoring，and compliance assessment methods，serving as a reference for its study and application.

Key words：Guangxi;mariculture tailwater;local discharge standard;tailwater discharge limits;standard analysis

近年来，中国海水养殖业发展迅速，已成为全球海水养殖第一大国，养殖面积占全球总量的60% 以上[]，海水养殖业发展成为全国重要海洋支柱产业之一。（剩余3979字）