几何形态测量学在植物学领域的应用进展

中图分类号TP391.41 文献标志码A 文章编号 1007-7731（2026）06-0084-04

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.06.022

Application of geometric morphometrics in the field of Botany

Wang Wei1Zhao Linchao1Hou Xuemei1Pan Pengliang²

（Tanghe County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Nanyang 411328，China; 2 School of Agronomy， Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University， Xinyang 464ooo， China）

AbstractThis paper systematically reviewed the recent research progress of geometric morphometrics （GM） in botany，andsummarized itsapplication fieldsandresearch trends.At the technical level，GM，centeredonlandmarks and semi-landmarks combined with Procrustes analysisand multivariate statistics，achieves standardized description andreproducible comparisonofplant morphology.Atthe applicationlevel，GM is widelyused inplantclasificationand identification （e.g.，distinguishingcloselyrelated Quercusspecies，identifying Photinia hybrids，discriminatingCastanea mollissima cultivarsand Cuscuta seeds）， morphological modelingand mathematical analysis （e.g.fiting bambooleaf shapes withtheGielisquation，topologicalanalysisofagitarialeafvenation），aswellasagricultural，eological，and genetic research （e.g.，assssing tea plant pest damage，analyzing leaf shape plasticity along altitudinal gradients， exploring soil nutrient-morphologycorrelations，and QTL mappng）.Attheresearch trend level，GMisadvancing towardsmulti-omics integrationand interdisciplinaryaplications，demonstrating significant potential in paleobotany， biomechanics，and bionics.Thispaper indicated that GM，with itshigh precision，reproducibility，and multi-scale integration capabilities，ispropelingplant morphological research from empirical description towardsasynergistic “morphology-gene-environment”analysis，providing scientific support forplant taxonomy，ecological adaptation studies， and precision agricultural management.

Keywords geometric morphometrics; technical principle; Botany; classification; application

几何形态测量学（Geometricmorphometrics，GM）是一种基于生物同源地标点的定量形态分析方法，通过数字化标定与多变量统计，能够精准捕捉植物形态的细微变化，并保留几何形态特征变异信息。（剩余7125字）