秸秆配施不同形态氮肥对土壤肥力和小麦氮素吸收的影响

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中图分类号 S158 文献标志码A 文章编号 1007-7731（2026）06-0005-04

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.06.002

Effects of straw combined with different forms of nitrogen fertilizer on soil fertility and wheat nitrogen absorption

Dai XinjunYang Xueqin Lei Zhenning Gao Juju He JiajieLi Hui （Department of Biology，Xinzhou Normal University，Xinzhou O34Ooo， China）

AbstractTo investigate theeffectsof strawandnitrogenfertilizerapplicationonsoil fertilityandnitrogen absorption inwheat，atwo-factor experimental design of straw × nitrogen fertilizer wasadopted，witha total ofsix treatments. Among them， straw had 2 gradient levels： no addition （O） and addition （2g/kg） ）; nitrogen fertilizer included 3 types：nitratenitrogen （sodium nitrate），ammonium nitrogen （ammonium chloride），andamide nitrogen （urea）.Soil nutrient content，soil enzyme activity，wheat agronomic traits，and wheat plant nitrogen content were measured.The resultsshowedthattheorderoftheeffctsofequalamountsofdiffrentformsofnitrogenfertilizersonsoilfertilityand wheat growth was amide nitrogen fertilizer > nitrate nitrogen fertilizer > ammonium nitrogen fertilizer.Compared with theseparate treatment without straw addition，the contents oftotal nitrogen，organic mater，nitrate nitrogenand ammonium nitrogen，as wellas the activities of soil urease，sucrase and phosphatase，were increased to varying degrees inthe amidenitrogen fertilizer，nitratenitrogenandammonium nitrogentreatmentscombinedwith straw.The total dry weight of wheat in the amide nitrogen fertilizer plus straw treatment was 11.55% higher than that in the amide nitrogen fertilizer-onlytreatment.Comparedwith thetreatment without straw adition，the wheat nitrogenuptake intheamide nitrogenfertilizer， nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen treatments combined with straw was increased by 20.19% ， （204 17.69% and 18.12% ，respectively.In conclusion，the combination of amide nitrogen fertilizer and straw application can efctivelyimprovesoilfertilitypromotewheat growthanddevelopment，and increase nitrogenuptake.Iistheoptimal nitrogen fertilizer form for combinationapplication model.This paper provides a referenceforthe development of an efficient nitrogen fertilizer management model.

Keywordsstraw; different forms of nitrogen fertilizers; soil fertility; wheat; nitrogen uptake

小麦是重要的粮食作物之一，维持小麦高产稳产是保障粮食安全的关键环节。（剩余4157字）