三焦功能分域与针刺效应探析

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[中图分类号]R245；R223.1 [文献标志码］A [文章编号]0257-358X（2026）02-0134-06

DOI：10.16295/j.cnki.0257-358x.2026.02.004

Exploration and Analysis of Functional Subdivisions of Sanjiao and Effects of Acupuncture

LI Kangshuai1，YAN Jinglan1，MA Ke²，ZHAO Qinyu1，CHEN Yuxuan1，CHEN Yongjun1 （1.InstituteofAcupunctureand Moxibustion，Shandong University of Traditional ChineseMedicine，Jinan 250355，China;2.Medical College，Shandong Universityof Traditional Chinese Medicine，Jinan 25o355，China）

AbstractThisarticle systematicallyanalyzes thescientificconnotationsof Sanjiao qi transformationand waterchannels functions，clarifies their intrinsic connection with the meridian system and theregulation mechanism of acupuncture.It isproposed that Sanjiao isa unique system inthe theory of Zangxiang in traditional Chinesemedicine，constructsthe macroscopic architecture of human life activities through the spatialcompartmentalization of“three regions”andthephysiological operationof“two functions”.In termsofspatial distribution，Sanjiao are verticallyarranged astheupper jiao being like mist（dispersingand diffusing），themiddlejiaobeing like fermentation（digestingandripening），andthe lower jiao being like a ditch（excreting）.Functionaly，their dual rolesof“transporting the primordial qi”（qi transformation）and “circulating body fluids”（waterchannels）correspond respectivelyto the physiological mechanisms of energy and material metabolismand body fluid distributionin Western medicine.Sanjiaoandthe meridiansystem areinterdependentand complementary，jointlyfacilitating the circulationand distributionofqi，blood

and body fluids. From the perspective of modern biomedicine，the macroscopic functionsof Sanjiao can be mapped to the neuro-metabolism-immune network.Acupuncture exerts a therapeutic effect of“regulating the pivot tofacilitate functional activities” by modulating key nodeswithin this network（such as nerve conduction，mitochondrial energy conversion and immune cell polarization）.

KeywordsSanjiao;meridians;qi transformation；water channels；acupuncture efect； neuro-metabolic-immune network

三焦作为中医藏象理论中的六腑之一，兼具“通行元气”与“运行水液”的双重职能，恰与西医学中调节能量/物质转化（对应气化）和体液输布代谢（对应水道）的生理功能高度契合。（剩余11374字）