复杂环境下车内空调对人体热特性的影响研究

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关键词：高海拔工况；空调性能；人体热特性；热舒适影响；空调假人中图分类号：U461.3 收稿日期：2025-11-25 DOI：10.19999/j.cnki.1004-0226.2026.02.016

A Study on the Impact of Vehicle Air Conditioning on Human Thermal Characteristics in Complex Environments

Tang Xue Yang Dongyang Sun Xu Jiang Bigang China Automotive Testing Center（Kunming）Co.，Ltd.，Kunming 651701，China

Abstract：Thispaperinvestigatestheregulatoryefectofin-vehicleairconditioningonhumanthermalcomfortundercomplexenvironmentalconditions.Athermalmanikinwas employedtoconductcomparative tests in typical environmentsat 1220m and 4797m ： During the tests，multi-point thermal environmentaldata across the human body were collcted under the Auto 22‰ mode.The results show that at 1220m ，the air conditioning system efectively maintains thermal comfort，achievingan overalltemperature reductionof 15.49°C ，withlocaltemperaturediferencesconsistentwithphysiologicalcomfortpaters.Incontrast，undertheextremelow-pressure and low-oxygen environment at 4797m ，the performance of the air conditioning system degrades significantly，leading to an overall temperature increase of 7.17∘C ，anotable expansion of local temperature differences to nearly 10% ，and severe disruption of thermal balance.Thefingsindicatethatomplexviometalondiiossubstantiallctctaleectiveessofiecleiodi tioning.Therefore，thedesignandvalidationofautomotiveairconditioningsystemsmustfullyconsidermulti-enviromentadaptability to ensure occupant comfort across diverse scenarios.

Keywords：High-altudecondition;Airconditioningperformance;Humantheralcharacteristics；Thermalcomfortimpact;Ai conditioning thermal manikin

1前言

随着交通网络持续性向高海拔地区的覆盖延伸，我国云贵高原、欧美落基山脉等区域的汽车出行用户日益增长，因此车内热环境舒适性与安全性成为影响驾乘选择的核心因素。（剩余9455字）