人工智能辅助早期股骨头坏死诊断与评估的新突破

中图分类号：R681.8

文献标识码：A

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2026.09.033

文章编号：1006-1959（2026）09-0182-06

New Breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence-assisted Early Diagnosis and Evaluation of Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head

DU Zhigang， ZHANG Jianhe， WANG Xianghong， WANG Sheng

（Department of Spinal Orthopedics， Jiuquan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital， Jiuquan ， Gansu， China）

Abstract： Early diagnosis of osteonecrosis of femoral head （ONFH） is crucial for treatment decision-making. Traditional imaging diagnosis has limitations such as insufficient sensitivity and reliance on subjective experience. Artificial intelligence （AI） can automatically analyze the features of medical images through deep learning， significantly improving diagnostic efficiency. This article reviews the application of AI in the early diagnosis and treatment of ONFH， including the algorithm principle based on Convolutional Neural Network （CNN）， cases of multimodal image （MRI/CT） analysis， and quantitative evaluation systems （such as analysis of necrotic area and bone mineral density）. Studies have shown that the diagnostic accuracy of the AI system based on CNN reaches 92% （7% higher than that of manual diagnosis）， and multimodal fusion makes the staging accuracy exceed 92%， the analysis time for a single image is shortened from 3–5 minutes to several seconds. Meanwhile， quantitative evaluation reveals that the risk of collapse increases significantly when the necrotic area exceeds 30%. This article discusses challenges such as data quality and algorithm interpretability， and proposes that future efforts should focus on transfer learning， multimodal model construction， as well as the improvement of grassroots promotion and ethical frameworks， so as to provide a new path for early precise diagnosis and treatment of ONFH.

Key words： Osteonecrosis of femoral head; Artificial intelligence; Early diagnosis; Quantitative evaluation; Interpretability

股骨头坏死（osteonecrosis of femoral head， ONFH）作为骨科常见难治性疾病，全球患者超2000万，我国患者达500万～750万且年新增10万～20万，该病高发于30～50岁青壮年，病情进展可引发软骨下骨折、股骨头塌陷及严重骨性关节炎，高致残率不仅导致患者身心创伤，更因劳动能力丧失加重家庭与社会医疗经济负担。（剩余12325字）