COPD 高危人群健康自我管理现状及影响因素分析

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中图分类号：R473.5

文献标识码：A

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2026.09.014

文章编号：1006-1959（2026）09-0096-05

Analysis of Health Self-management Status and Influencing Factors of COPD High-risk Population

JIANG Yajuan， ZHAO Ai， CHEN Xia， QIU Xinfei， ZHAO Hong

（Department of Nursing， Hengyang Medical School， University of South China， Hengyang ， Hunan， China）

Abstract： Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of health self-management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） high-risk population. Methods From January to April 2025， the high-risk population of COPD in 4 community health service centers in Hengyang City were selected as the research objects by convenient sampling method. The general information questionnaire， adult health self-management assessment scale， chronic obstructive pulmonary health knowledge scale and chronic disease management self-efficacy 6-item scale were used to understand the self-management of high-risk population. Results A total of 850 questionnaires were distributed， and 761 questionnaires were effectively recovered， with an effective recovery rate of 89.53%. A total of 360 high-risk population of COPD were detected. The score of health self-management of high-risk population of COPD was （131.19±7.81） scores. Correlation analysis showed that the disease knowledge and self-efficacy of the high-risk population of COPD were positively correlated with the health self-management level of the high-risk population （P<0.05） . Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in age， gender， smoking history， family history， exposure to bio-smoke produced by cooking， education level， occupation and family per capita monthly income （P<0.05） . Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age， family per capita monthly income， family history， education level， COPD disease knowledge and self-efficacy were the influencing factors of health self-management in high-risk population of COPD （P<0.05） . Conclusion The health self-management level of COPD high-risk population is affected by many factors. Medical staff should strengthen scientific health guidance for high-risk population of COPD， promote their healthy lifestyle， and improve their health self-management level.

Key words： Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; High-risk population; Health self-management; Influencing factors

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease， COPD）是一种以气流受限为特征的进行性肺部疾病，具有发病率高、致残致死率高等特点[1]。（剩余7042字）