新疆地区奶牛乳腺炎肺炎克雷伯菌的分离鉴定与耐药性分析

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中图分类号：S857.26；S852.614 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0366-6964（2026）01-0464-12

Abstract： The purpose of this study was to understand the prevalence and drug resistance characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae in dairy cow mastitis in Xinjiang. Two thousand and eightythree milk samples of dairy cows with clinical mastitis or subclinical mastitis were collected from 15 large-scale dairy farms in 9 areas of intensive dairy farming in Xinjiang. Klebsiella pneumoniae in the samples was isolated and cultured，Gram stained. PCR and 16S rRNA sequencing were conducted to identified the isolated strains，and the drug resistance of the isolated strains was detected by micro-broth dilution method. The results showed that 266 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from the milk samples，and the isolation rate was 12.8% （266/2 O83）.There was no significant difference in the isolation rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae between clinical mastitis and subclinical mastitis （ P>0.05 ）.The sensitivity of 266 isolates to 16 antimicrobial agents and the production of extended-spectrum β -lactamases （ESBLs） were determined by broth microdilution method. The results showed that the resistance rates of the isolates to tetracycline，ceftiofur， cefepime，cefotaxime and cefazolin were high （23.7%-41.0% ）.And 16.9% （45/266）of the isolates were multidrug-resistant bacteria，and 6.4% （17/266）of the isolates produced ESBLs. The results suggest that the average separation rate of mastitis Klebsiella pneumoniae in 15 large-scale dairy farms in Xinjiang is at a relatively low level in the whole country. The isolated strains had strong resistance to tetracycline and cephalosporin antibiotics. This study provided a basis for mastering the epidemiological characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae in dairy cow mastitis and guiding clinical medication.

Keywords： dairy cow mastitis；Klebsiella pneumoniae； isolation and identification；drug resistance characteristics

∗ Corresponding author ： ZHAO Hongqiong，E-mail： zhaohongqiong@sina. com

奶牛乳腺炎是造成奶牛产业重大经济损失的疾病之一，不仅可导致奶牛产奶量下降、奶品质降低和淘汰率升高，还可能通过乳制品危害人的健康[1-2]。（剩余18293字）