石台县羊肚菌林下种植技术

中图分类号 S359.9

文献标志码 A

文章编号 1007-7731（2026）08-0035-03

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.08.009

Understory cultivation technology of Morchella esculenta in Shitai County

Dong Yang 1 Zhang Chengyu 2

（ 1Shitai County Bureau of Agricultural and Rural， Shitai ， China; 2Yunnan Wild Fungi Protection and Development Association， Kunming ， China）

Abstract This article summarized the technical points of cultivating Morchella esculenta under the forest in Shitai County， Anhui Province. In terms of pre cultivation management， the preparation of bacterial strains strictly follows the formula of mother seeds， original seeds， and cultivated seeds for sterilization and inoculation， while preparing nutrient packs; choose forest land with flat terrain， deep soil layers， and weak alkalinity as the cultivation site; when the temperature stabilizes below 18 °C in mid to late November， prepare the soil， sprinkle quicklime for disinfection， and deeply plow the container; subsequently， a small arched canopy was constructed and covered with shading nets depending on the canopy density to stabilize the microbial bed microenvironment. In terms of sowing and mushroom cultivation period management， sowing or strip sowing methods are adopted and covered with soil for 3–4 cm; after sowing， black plastic film is applied to keep moisture， and after 5–15 days， nutrient packs （1 600 bags/667 m²） are placed; control the greenhouse temperature to 15–20 °C and soil moisture content to 45%–60%. Remove the plastic film and nutrient package during the mushroom growing period， maintain the air humidity in the greenhouse at 85% to 95%， and coordinate ventilation and lighting management. The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests should focus on prevention， and high efficiency cyhalothrin spray and insect trap board should be used to control jumping insects and mushroom flies. When the pattern on the cap is clear and the meat is thick， cut and harvest along the base of the stem. This article provides a reference for the development of the cultivation industry of Morchella esculenta under the forest.

Keywords Morchella esculenta; understory cultivation; disease and pest control; understory economy

石台县位于安徽省南部山区腹地，区位优越、生态环境良好、气候条件适宜，为发展林下经济奠定了基础 [1] 。（剩余3730字）