老年人慢性病共病模式对医疗负担的影响研究

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[中图分类号]R2 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2026.01.028

[Abstract]ObjectiveToexploretheimpactofchronicdiseasecomorbiditypaternson healthcare burdenintheelderlyand toprovidedecision-makingbasisforformulatingmorescientifichealthinterventionmeasuresfortheelderly.MethodsBasedonthe dataof 2020China HealthandRetirementLongitudinal Study，elderlypatientswithchronicdiseasesaged6Oandabovewere selectedasthesudysujects.Latentclassanalysisasmploedtodentifyteiromorbiditypatesandregresionaalyisas usedtoinvestgatetheimpactofdiferentcomorbiditypattrsonpatientshealthcareburdenandpotentialunderlyingmehanisms. ResultsAtotalof7837elderlysubjectswereincluded，withanaverageof.29chronicdiseasesperpersonandtheoveal comorbidity rate was 76.50% . The subjects were divided into five groups： low comorbidity rate group， respiratory disease group， cardiovascularandmetabolicdiseasegroup，gastricandarthritisdiseasegroupandhigh-prevelancecomorbiditygroup.Compared withthelowcomorbidityrategroup，thehealthcareburdenoftheelderlyinothergroupsincreasedsignificantlycharacterizedby notablyhigheroutpatientvisitrateandhospitalizationrate.Theighcomorbiditygroupexhibitedthemostprominenthealthcare burden，folowedbytherespiratorydiseasegroup.Factorssuchasagegender，placeofresidence，anualincomelevelandtypeof healthcareinsuranceweregenerallyrelatedtohealthcareburden，butthedegreof influencevariedunderdiferentcomorbidity paterms.Conclusion Chronicdiseasecomorbiditypaternsintheelderlyareimportantriskfactors leading totheincreaseof healthcareburden.Itisssntialtostrengthenthepreventionandcontrolofchonicdiseasecomorbidityfocusingoncomobidity combinationswithhighprevalenceratesandheavyhealthcareburdensamongtheelderlypopulation （e.g，thehigh-prevalence comorbiditygroupandrespiratorydisease group）.Healthcareresourcesshouldbealocatedrationallybasedontheirdisease characteristics and resource needs.

[Keywords]chronicdiseasesintheelderly；elderlyhealth；comorbiditypaterns;comorbidityrate;healthcareburden

当前，老年人慢性病共病已成为全球范围内亟待解决的重要公共卫生问题。（剩余11679字）