“肠-肾轴"视角下“脾气散精”理论对慢性肾脏病肠道菌群及免疫功能的影响

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[关键词]慢性肾脏病；肠-肾轴；肠道菌群；免疫功能；脾气散精 [中图分类号]R277.5 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2026.01.015

[Abstract]Thedevelopmentand progresionof chronic kidneydisease （CKD），especiallystages2-4，arecloselyasociate withgutmicrobiotadysbiosis，immune-nflammatoryactivation，andacumulationofmetabolictoxins.The"gut-kidneyaxis"eory providesanimportantperspectiveforunderstanding thesepathologicalmechanism.Basedonthemodemconceptofthe"gut-kidney axis"theoryspeticallbortestoepaogesisfofleniasporatioeofsi ofrefiednutrientsandendogenousproductionofdamp-turbidity"，ndcorelatesitwithCKD-relatedpathologicalmechanisms includinggutmicrobiotadysbiosis，reducedshortchainfattacids，uremictoxinaccumulation，andactivationofimmuneinflammatorypathways.Ifurtherproposesthat"impairedspleeqiintransportinganddistributingnutrientessncetroughoutthe wholebody"disrupts"gut-kidneyaxis"homeostasis，leadingtoaviciouscyleof"intestialmicroecologicalimbalancune barierimpairment-microinflammationrenalinjury"，therebydrivingtheonsetandprogresionofCKD.Accordinglythispaper proposesaTCMtherapeuticstrategyfeaturing "resolvingdampnessandstrengtheningthespleeasthe foundation，warmingand tonifying kidneyyangasteeyandconcurentlyisolvingplegmadremovingbloodstasis"，imingtoestorethefuctioof "spleenqitransportinganddistributingnutrientessencethroughoutthewholebody"，regulatethegutmicrobiotaandimmune functionviamultipletargets，ndinterrpttheviciouscyledescribedabove.Fromthisinovativeintegratedperspectiveobing the"gut-kidneyaxiswiththeChinesemedicinetheoryof"spleenqitransportinganddistrbutingnutrienteencethroughoutthe wholebody"，this paper intends toprovides newtheoretical insightsand ideas for Chinese medicine interventionsin CKD.

[Keywords]chronic kidneydisease；gut-kidneyaxis；gutmicrobiota;immune function；spleenqi transportinganddistributing nutrient essence throughout the whole body

慢性肾脏病（chronic kidneydisease，CKD）是由多种病因引起肾脏结构或功能持续异常超过3个月的临床综合征，其病程涵盖从早期肾功能下降至终末期肾病（end-stage renal disease，ESRD）的全程。（剩余14616字）