持续测土配方施肥对丘陵区水稻产量和肥料利用率的影响

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中图分类号：S153 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-060X（2026）01-0034-06

Abstract：ThisstudyaimstofurtheroptimizethefertilizerformulaforriceinthehillareasofSouthernChinaimprovethe fertilizer utilization rate，and achieve cost reduction and efficiency improvement.The ∵3415′ regression design was adopted to conduct fertilizereffctexperimentonsingle-croppingicefortreeconsetiveyearsinatargetedmarintherepresetativegreymud paddyfeldsinthehillareaofSouteHunan.Teeffctofcontiuoussoil testingandfomulafertlizationontheeconoitraits， yieldfertilutatioatedilertitofigleoppingceaeplodesultsodtatteling effect of fertilizers on rice in the hilly area followed the trend of nitrogen fertilizer （N J，40.63%） potassium fertilizer （K， 25.96%） phosphorus fertilizer （P， 16.16% ）. TheN，P，and K fertilizer utilization rates were 38.71% ， 11.06% ，and 55.65% ，respectively. The constructed regression effect model showed that the required fertilizer formula was N：P2O5：K2O=7.46：2.08：5.95 for achieving the maximum benefit， and it was N：P2O5：K2O=8.77：2.22：7.27 for achieving the maximum yield. After continuous soil testing and formula fertilization，the content of soil organic matter generally showed an increasing trend， while the soil pH value， total N， and alkali-hydrolyzableNhadnosignificant change andthecontent of availablePand available K generallyshoweda decreasing trend. Therefore，thefulafertilzatioofN，PandKsouldbeadjustedconsideringtheonservationandsupplementationofsilad K pools，and improvement measures shouldbe implemented to aleviate soil acidification andthus maintainsoil fertility.

Key words：rice; hilly area;'3415'fertilizer test; grey-mud paddy field; economic traits;fertilizerutilization rate

由于我国人多地少、人均耕地面积有限，提高单产成为保障粮食供给的重要途径，而合理施肥是维持农作物高产稳产的关键举措[]。（剩余9075字）