黑土坡耕地退化遥感监测与预警研究进展

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中图分类号：S151.9 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1008-0864（2025）12-0199-12

Abstract：Theblack soil region of Northeast China isacritical grain-producing area，but long-term intensive cultivation hasresulted in2 major types of degradationon slopingcropland：structuraldegradation，exemplified by gullydevelopment，and functionaldegradation，including topsoil thinningand declining solorganic mater.Inrecent years，remote sensing technologies have gained increasing atention for monitoring degradation and isuing early warnings in this region，demonstrating substantial applicationpotential.Recent progress inremote sensing-based monitoringand early warning of black soil sloping cropland degradation were systematically reviewed.The development of remote sensing indicators and mechanisms for degradation assessment，monitoring methods for gully erosionand hillslope soil degradation，and theconstruction of early warning models were mainly analyzed.Current monitoring techniques in this field were evolving from single-source information extraction towards multi-modal fusion and from static characterization towards dynamic process monitoring，with anurgent need for intelligent monitoring solutions.However，several key technical challenges remained，including quantitative inversion of gully depth， estimationofblack soil thickness，and coupledanalysis of hilslope-gullydegradationprocesss.Future effrts should focusonrefining the theoretical framework and classificationsystem of black soil sloping croplanddegradation， developing hilslope-gully integrated monitoringapproaches based on multi-modal data，and establishing early warning modelsthat integratedata-drivenmethodswith proces-basedknowledge.Theseadvances would support precise and inteligent monitoring of blacksoil sloping cropland degradation dynamics andofer theoretical and technological foundations for implementing proactive conservation strategies.

Keywords：black soil；sloping cropland degradation；remote sensing monitoring；gully erosion；hillslope-gully integration;data-knowledgehybrid model

东北黑土地是我国最重要的商品粮生产基地，其粮食产量约占全国的1/3，被誉为国家粮食安全的"压舱石"。（剩余27054字）