畜禽生物育种技术进展分析：智能表型、基因组选择与基因编辑创新

中图分类号：S8-1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1008-0864（2025）12-0032-10

Abstract：Livestock and poultry bio-breeding serves asacore driver for ensuring food security and sustainable agricultural development. During the“ 14th Five-Year”Plan period，cutting-edge technologies represented by artificialintelligence（AI），high-throughput omics，andprecisegene manipulation have beendeply integrated， propelling livestock and poultry breeding intoanew phase characterizedby intellgence and precision.The latest advances were systematicallyreviewedin theoretical methods，tool innovations，andpractical applicationsof intellgent phenotyping technologies，genomic selection（GS）technologies，and geneediting technologies.Research showed that multimodal sensing andAI algorithmshad enabledtheautomatedand high-throughputanalysisof livestock and poultry phenotypes.Machine learning-enhanced genomic selection models and the integrationof multiomicsdata have significantly improved theaccuracyof breeding valueprediction.Theclustered regularly interspacedshortpalindromicrepeats（CRISPR）system-based gene editing tools have achieved systematic breakthroughs inminiaturization，precision，and large-fragment manipulation.Thecollaborative innovationand integrated application of these three major technologies were shaping a new fullchain precision breeding paradigm that spans from“phenotype sensing”to“genotypeanalysis”and further to“genome optimization”.This provided robust technological support foraccelerating thegenetic improvementof livestock and poultryand addressing challenges intheglobal food system.Additionally，thecore challenges currentlyfaced by these technologies were pointed out and the prospects for development directions were prospected during the“ 15uh Five-Year”Plan period fromthe perspectivesof multi-technology integration，inteligentupgrades，and engineeringapplications.Itaimed to provide insights for revitalizing China's seed industry and advancing precision animal husbandry.

Keywords：livestock and poultry； breeding;intelligent phenotyping；genomic selection； gene editing

畜禽生物育种技术正经历一场深刻的智能化与精准化革命。（剩余29841字）