农业微生物育种：“十四五"成果回顾与“十五五"发展展望

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中图分类号：S-1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1008-0864（2025）12-0042-10

Abstract：Agricultural microbial breeding isanimportant fieldattheintersectionof modernbiotechnologyand agricultural science，serving as a core driving force for ensuring food security and promoting green agricultural development.During the“ 14u Five-Year”Plan period，significant progress has been made in this area in China， including the improvement of thepolicy framework and the enhancement of germplasm resource preservation capabilities.Breakthroughs in technologies such as gene editing，synthetic biologyand artificial intelligence have driven innovationsand applications of microbial fertilizers，plant probiotics，and bio-pesticides，providing strong support for the green transformation of agriculture.The major achievements were reviewed during the“ 14u FiveYear”Plan periodand the technical bottlenecks and challenges related to industrial transformation and safety regulation were analyzed.Looking ahead to the“ 15th Five-Year”Plan，itisrecommended to integrate artificial intellgencewithsynthetic biology，focusing onnational demandsfor green low-carbon developmentand biological safety，and establishinganational-levelagricultural microbial breeding bigdata platform，whichshouldenhanceour innovation capabilities and promote agricultural modernization.

Keywords：microbial breeding； synthetic biology； artificial intelligence； agricultural microorganisms； gene editing

微生物是地球上最古老且多样的生命形式之一，其独特的代谢多样性为农业、工业、医药和环境保护等领域提供了巨大的应用潜力。（剩余17991字）