设施果树宜机化生产与智能装备融合研究进展

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中图分类号：S628 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1002-2910（2026）02-0048-05

（1.山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院，山东泰安 262600;3.山东省果树研究所，山东泰安271000）

Research progress on the integration of mechanization-friendly production and intelligent equipment for protected fruit trees

DUAN Xiwen1， MA Xiaoju²， CUI Dongdong³，LIU Qingzhong³， ZHU Dongzi³， LI Yuhual*

（1.College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering，Shandong Agricultural University，Tai'an，handong 271018， China; 2.Chengguan Sub-district OfficeofLinqu County，Linqu，Shandong 262600， China; 3.Shandong Institute of Pomology， Tai'an， Shandong 27100o， China）

Abstract： Protected cultivation enables precise regulation of the growth environment for fruit trees， realizing off-season marketing of fruits and extending the supply period. It also improves fruit yield and quality，resists natural disasters， and serves as a core industry for ensuring the balance of fruit supply and demand and boosting rural revitalization. At present， the industry is confronted with problems such as labor shortage， low efficiency of traditional operations and poor adaptability ofspecial equipment. Therefore， it is urgent to promote the in-depth integration of mechanization-friendly agronomy and intelligent equipment. This paper systematically reviews the research progress in mechanization-friendly agronomic design， inteligent equipment development and collaborative application of agronomy and equipment for protected fruit trees. It focuses on analyzing key technologies including tree structure optimization， environmental control and agricultural robots，points out the technical，agronomic and economic challenges in industrial development， and proposes future development directions， so as to provide theoretical references and technical paths for the full-process intelligent and sustainable transformation of protected fruit tree production.

Key words： protected fruit trees; mechanization-friendly agronomy; intelligent equipment： agricultural robots; machine vision; agronomy-mechanization integration; precision production

1设施果树产业发展趋势与核心挑战

设施果树作为现代农业的核心板块，凭借可控环境优势实现水果反季节供应、品质提升与生产效率优化，成为保障市场供需平衡、带动乡村振兴与资源高效利用的关键领域[1.2]。（剩余8528字）