盐碱地冬枣园土壤管理的新模式研究

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中图分类号：S665.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1002-2910（2026）02-0038-04

Effects of a new soil management model in winter jujube orchards on coastal saline-alkali land

WANG Congming， YAO Zhipeng， WU Yanfang， LIU Haiyan， MA Zhenping （Binzhou Academy ofAgricultural Sciences， Binzhou， Shandong 2566oo， China）

Abstract： To address the technical problems of severe soil salinization， active water-salt movement， and unstable improvement eects in winter jujube orchards on northern coastal saline-alkali land， a field experiment was conducted in a moderate saline-alkali winter jujube orchard at the National Agricultural Science and Technology Park of Binzhou， Shandong Province from 2021 to 2024. Two treatments were set up： a comprehensive regulation model （experimental group）consisting of precision drip irigation， winter deep ploughing with large soil clods， and inter-row grassing， and a traditional model （control group） with flood irrigation and clean tillage. The effects of diferent soil management models on soil physical and chemical properties， growth， fruiting and economic benefits of winter jujube were systematically studied. The results showed that compared with the control， the soil pH ，total water-soluble salt content and soil bulk density in the experimental group were decreased by 7.8% ， 45.9% and 10.8% ，respectively; the soil organic matter content was increased by 136.2% ; the contents of total nitrogen， total phosphorus and total potassium were increased by 54.2% 32.8% and 12.4% ，respectively. The average single fruit weight， first-class fruit rate and soluble solid content of winter jujube were increased by 5.4g， 8 percentage points and 6.l percentage points， respectively， and the economic benefit per 666.7m2 （202 was increased by 3 299.5 yuan. The comprehensive improvement model， which precisely inhibits soil capillary action and blocks the upward channel of water-salt movement in the whole growth cycle， can stably and durably reduce root-zone salt content， improve soil structure，and significantly enhance the yield，quality and planting benefit of winter jujube. It is suitable for popularization and application in the northern Shandong and similar coastal saline-alkali areas.

Key words： coastal saline-alkali land; winter jujube orchard; soil improvement; precision drip irrigation; deep ploughing; inter-row grassing

中国北方滨海地区地下含盐量高，地表蒸发强烈，土壤毛细作用引发剧烈水盐上行运动，形成“水去盐留”的积盐特征，仅黄河三角洲地区盐碱地面积即达46.67万 hm2[1] 。（剩余3571字）