国内外森林采代限额制度比较研究

中图分类号：F316.2；F326.2文献标识码：A 文章编号：2096-9546（2025）04-0051-08

DOI： 10.12344/lczcyj.2024.12.31.0001

Abstract： Since China implemented the harvest quota system in 1987，it has achieved remarkable results in curbing overlogging and restoring forest ecosystems， with the forest coverage rate rising steadily. However，the fixed quota has gradually shown deficiencies in regional adaptability and dynamic adjustment capacity. For this reason，this paper takes typical countries including China，the United States，Canada，New Zealand， Sweden and Norway as research objects，and conducts a comparative analysis of harvest regulations across such dimensionsas management objectives，implementation mechanisms and policy efects.The results show that China's harvest quota system has an institutional advantage in enforcing rigid constraints on total harvest volume，while the selected countries have improved their responsiveness to diverse ecological demands by adopting harvest regulations that incorporate zoning management，ecological compensation and community participation. Based on these comparative findings，it is recommend piloting the introduction of harvest regulations within the existing quota framework， supported by remote sensing monitoring，differentiated indicators and multistakeholder collaboration， to establish a dual governance model of“ quota constraint + adaptive management”.This study provides an actionable pathway for improving China's forest harvest policies， facilitates the deepening of the collctive forest-tenure reform，and contributes a comparative perspective to global sustainable forest management.

Keywords： forest management policies； harvest quotas ；harvest regulations； comparative studies

自1987年中国正式建立采伐限额制度以来，其在限制采伐规模、防止资源过度开发等方面发挥了重要作用。（剩余10398字）