“偶然相遇唯物主义”与后阿尔都塞的哲学遗产

关键词：偶然相遇唯物主义；结构主义；精神分析学；阿尔都塞

中图分类号：B565.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-2435（2026）01-0019-10

leatoryEncounter Materialism"and thePhilosophicalLegacyofPost-Althusserianism

KONGMingan，WANGYan（SchoolofMarxism，NankaiUniversity，Tianjin3oo35o，China）

ywords：aleatory encountermaterialism;structuralism;psychoanalysis;Althusser

Abstract：The "AleatoryEncounterMaterialism"wasamaterialistperspectiveproposedbyAlthussr inhislateryears， which criticized historicaldeterminismandopposed essentialism.This viewwas diferentfrom hisearlierpositions such as anti-humanismand the defense of scientific Marxism.However，by sorting out and summarizing Althusser's thoughts inthetwoperiods，itisnot diffculttofindthattheconceptual trajectoryofhismaterialistphilosophy was notadiscontinuous development，but hadan inherentconsistencyand coherence.InAlthuser's later materialist philosophy，contingency was nota derivative of necesity，buta primarycategorywithontological priority.It was the "origin without origin"，while necesity was merelyasecondary result of the continuous solidification ofcontingent encounters.Therefore，this theorynegatedtheapriori presuppositionof theoriginoftheworldandits linearconceptionof development，emphasizing that history hadneitherafixed starting point nora predetermined trajectory，and was essentiall theproduct of aleatory encounters among multiple elements. Contemporary radical left-wing scholars in the West，drawing on Aleatory Encounter Materialism，emphasized theopenness，contingency，and multiplicity inherent in social proceses.Theyhave proposeda seriesof keyconcepts such as "logicofcontingency"，"body without organs"，and "concreteuniversality"，iming todismantletheideological hegemonyofcapitalism，revealingitsinherent structuralcontradictionsandcrises，and thereby providing theoreticalsupportforthe liberationof theproletariatand the construction of a new social order.

从学术界的研究现状来看，阿尔都塞的“偶然相遇唯物主义”通常被视为其晚年的思想结晶，这一理论旨在超越唯物主义与唯心主义的简单二元对立，对哲学史进行重新梳理，进而建构一种全新的唯物主义哲学范式。（剩余12912字）