航空金属增材缺陷全聚焦检测幅值补偿方法研究

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中图分类号：TB9 文献标志码：A文章编号：1674-5124（2026）02-0026-08

Abstract： Ultrasonic full focusing technology has been widely applied in the detection of internal defects in additively manufactured （AM） metals in the aviation industry.However，due to the high attenuation of ultrasonic waves in AM metals，the energy uniformity of fullfocusing echo signals for defects at different depths is poor，which increases the risk of defect misjudgment.This study，based on the attenuation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in AM metals， integrates the beam directivity compensation factor and the acoustic attnuation compensation factor to construct a comprehensive amplitude compensation method. Taking TC4 titanium alloy test blocks with artificial defects of 2mm diameter cylindrical holes at different depths as the detection objects，the medium attenuation coeficient of the test block was calibrated by the direct amplitude comparison method，and the comprehensive amplitude compensation method was introduced for full focus imaging. The experimental results show that after applying the comprehensive amplitude compensation method，the uniformity of amplitude energy distribution of defects of the same size at diferent depths has improved by 50% compared to other methods. Finally， the detection of AM test blocks with natural defects verified that this method eectively enhances the reliability of internal defect detection in AM metal components.

Keywords： sound atenuation; metal additive manufacturing; full focus algorithm; amplitude compensation

0 引言

随着航空工业对轻量化零部件需求的持续增长，金属增材制造技术因其优异的复杂结构成形能力成为研究热点。（剩余8461字）