数智时代规避版权技术措施行为刑法规制的正当性依据
中图分类号：D924 文献标识码：A D0I：10.7535/j.issn.1671-1653.2026.02.007
Abstract： The Amendment （ XI ）to the Criminal Law of the People' s Republic of China introduces the crime of copyright infringement involving the circumvention of technological measures. There are divergences between theoretical and practical circles regarding the application of this crime. The fundamental reason for the differences lies in the lack of a clear and universally recognized justification for the criminal regulation of circumventing access control measures. Four viewpoints have been formed in the academic circle：the prevention of infringement of the exclusive rights of copyright，the protection of access rights，the protection of legitimate interests，and the protection of reproduction rights. Through normative analysis and practical investigation， it can be seen that the prevention of infringement of the exclusive rights of copyright ignores the reality of infringement in the digital age，the protection of access rights violates the principle of legal rights，and the protection of legitimate interests is too abstract to meet the requirements of clarity in criminal law. Thus，none of them can serve as a basis for regulation. However，the reproduction rights theory，relying on the open provisions of "digital reproduction" in the Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China ， incorporates the temporary reproduction generated by online browsing and appreciation in the digital environment into the scope of reproduction rights. This not only conforms to the analytical framework of "broad entry and broad exit" of copyright but also follows the international trend of incorporating temporary reproduction into reproduction rights and meets the practical needs of temporary reproduction carrying independent economic value. Therefore，taking it as the legitimate basis for the criminal protection of access control measures is the most legitimate and reasonable.
Keywords： copyright infringement crime; circumvention of technological measures; access control measures; temporary reproduction
一、问题的提出
《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（十一）》增设了规避技术措施型侵犯著作权罪，明确规定“未经著作权人或者与著作权有关的权利人许可，故意避开或者破坏权利人为其作品、录音录像制品等采取的保护著作权或者与著作权有关的权利的技术措施"的行为构成侵犯著作权罪。（剩余14359字）
