大语言模型辅助二语写作反馈方式及效果研究

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关键词：大语言模型；写作反馈；提示语输入；效果感知

中图分类号：H319 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-0100（2026）01-0077-10

DOI 编码：10.16263/j. cnki.23-1071/h.2026.01.012

Exploring the Approaches and Effects of ChatGPT-Assisted Feedback in Second Language Writing

Zhang LiYu Yang-yangPan Zhi-xin （School of Foreign Languages，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 2OO24O，China）

The emergence of ChatGPT，agenerative AIlanguage model，has hadaprofound impacton foreign language education，especiall in writing instruction.However，howtofectively integrateChatGPTintoteachingremainsaconcernforeducators.This studyexplores how teacherscan formulateappropriateprompts toasistinproviding fedback forforeignlanguage writing，and howlearers evaluate the efectivenessofsuch feedback.The studyshows howtorefine feedback byadjustinginput prompts and derivesgeneralrules forprompt input.Aquestionnairesurveyreveals thatstudents perceivedtheAI-asisted teacherfeedback as significantlyfectiveinimprovingwiingotent，textalstructure，logicaleasonng，exical expresionandgammaticac racy.Interviews with studentsshowthattheyencountereddificultiesinwritingandhadspecificneedsforfedback，especilly vocabularyenrichmentandlanguagepolishing.Interviewswith teachers indicatethatChatGPTcan providescores forreference， improvethecontents，andpolishthelanguage，butthe feedbackrequires manualverificationandcanbeimprovedbyoptimizing input prompts.Basedonthesefindings，theresearchers proposesuggestionsforthedesignofagenerativeAI-empowered writing fedbackandleaingsystem，anditishopedthat thisstudymaycontributetotheoptimizatioof teachingpracticesandinnovation of educational technology.

Key words：large language models ； writing feedback； prompt strategies; perceived effectiveness

1引言

在写作教学中，有效的反馈对于提高学生的写作能力至关重要（Hyland2003），尤其是促进修订过程的反馈，能显著提升学生的写作成绩（Bitchener，Knoch2010）。（剩余12522字）