面向超可靠低时延通信的叉包智能重传新技术研究综述

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中图分类号：TN929.5 文献标志码：A文章编号：1003-3114（2025）06-1169-11

Abstract：Withtheemergenceofmision-criticalapplicationssuchasautonomousdriving，industrialautomation，andremote healthcare，Ultra-ReliableLow-LatencyCommunication（URLLC）arebecomingesentialfeaturesforB5Gand6Gsystems.Loking to ward6G，URLLCisevolving toachieve“seven-nines”reliabilityandsub-milisecondlatencyHowever，theinherenttradeffsbetweenreliabilityandlatencymakeitextremelychallngingtoachievebothunderlimitedresoucesandcomplexchannelconditions.As a widelydoptedros-lyerteciqueincurrentcommunicationsstes，HybidAutomaticRepatRequest（HARQ）efcielyimprovesrliabiltyHoweeritssingle-pcketrransmisionmechanismtendstducespetralfncyandincreaselatecyak

ingitdifculttofullyeettestringentrequirementsofURLC.Whileulti-packetHARQcanhancespectralfenciislimitedbyhighcomplexityandisuficientflexibilityInrecentyears，Cros-acketHARQ（XP-HARQ）hasgainedatentionasanovel retransmissionmchnism.Byintroducingincementalinformationinretransmisions，XP-HARQintegratesnewinformationwithretransmiteddatathroughLayer-Coded（LC）orpowersuperposition，signifcantlyimprovingresourceutlizationandachievingadyamic balanceamongreliabilityatencyandthrougput.Toacommodatethediversepeformanceequirementsofdiferentapplications， XP-HARQrequirescarefuldesignoftransmsionatesandpowralocationrossreransmissonround.However，itsoplextransmission mechanismmakesperformanceanalysischalenging，whichinturnconstrainssystemoptimization.Inthiscontext，A-based methodssuchasreinforcementlearninganddeplearningshowgreat potentialfortheadaptivedesignof XP-HARQ，ofering distinct advantagesover traditional approaches，particularly in time-varying chanelsand resource-constrained environments.

Keywords：6G;URLLC;HARQ;cross-packet HARQ；multi-packet HARQ；AI

0 引言

随着无人驾驶、工业自动化、远程医疗等关键任务应用的深人发展，URLLC已成为B5G及未来6G系统的核心能力之一。（剩余23103字）