植物质膜内在蛋白基因家族功能研究进展

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中图分类号：Q946.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-4652（2026）01-0001-12

Functional advances in the plasma membrane intrinsic protein （PIP） gene family of plants

SUN Qinfu， ZHANG Wanyu， XING Junqiang，WU Jian （College of Biological Science and Technology， Yangzhou Uniuersity， Yangzhou 225oo9，China）

ABSTRACT：Plasma Membrane Intrinsic Proteins （PIPs），as core members of the Aquaporins（AQPs） family and key channel proteins localized to the plasma membrane，notonly eficiently mediate the transmembrane transportof water molecules but also participate in the transport of various neutral small molecules （such as glycerol， H2O2 ，etc.）and ions （such as K+ ， Na+ ，etc.）.By precisely regulating the dynamic equilibrium of water，solutes，and signaling molecules inside and utside the cell，PIPs playa central role in numerous physiological processes including plant root water absorption，cellelongation，organ morphogenesis，flowering timeregulation，photosynthetic eficiency，and responses tobiotic andabiotic stresses.Significant progress has been madeinPIPresearch inrecent years.This article systematicallreviews new functions and mechanisms of the PIP gene family in protein structural characteristics，regulation of plant growth and development，and stress toleranceunder adverse conditions，as wellas the latestresearchadvances in its multi-tieredregulatory networks. It also discusses the application potential of PIP gene family in crop improvement， providing an important theoretical basis and genetic resources for sustainable agricultural development under global climate change challenges.

KEY WORDS： aquaporins； plasma membrane intrinsic proteins； AQP； PIP；water transport； ion transport

水通道蛋白（Aquaporins，AQPs）是一类高度保守的跨膜通道蛋白，属于古老的主要内在蛋白（ma-jor intrinsic proteins，MIPs）超家族，广泛存在于各类生物中[1-2]。（剩余28725字）