硅钙镁调理剂对黄壤和红壤的改良效果研究

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中图分类号：S156 文献标识码：A文章编号：1673-9868（2026）02-0180-11

Abstract：The amelioration and utilization of acidic soils are of great significance for sustainable agricultural development. This study investigated the dynamic effects of a silicon-calcium-magnesium （ Si-Ca-Mg ） amendment on two typical acidic soils-yellow soil and red soil-through a 6O day lab soil culture experiment， with varying amendment-to-soil ratios （0.0% ， 0.5% ， 1.0% ， 1.5% ， 2.0% ，and 2.5% ）. Key acidity indicators and major nutrient contents were dynamically monitored throughout the culture period. The results demonstrated that the amendment significantly improved soil chemical properties：，indicators such as soil pH ，exchangeable Ca2+ ，exchangeable Mg2+ ，available phosphorus，and available silicon were markedly increased，while exchangeable H+ ，exchangeable Al3+ ， total exchangeable acidity，and active aluminum content decreased substantially. The amelioration effect strengthened with increasing amendment dosage and remained stable over the 6O0-day period. Compared with the control， at application rates of 0.5%-1.5% ，yellow and red soils exhibited pH increases of 1.44-3.08 and 1.26-3.26 units， exchangeable Ca2+ content increases of 1.4-3.9 and 3.7-11. 4 times，and available silicon content increases of 1.8-5.5 and 1.7-6.1 times，respectively. Exchangeable Mg2+ and available phosphorus levels were also markedly elevated. Moreover，at application rates ≥1.0% ，total exchangeable acidity in both soils dropped to ⩽0.05cmol/kg ，accompanied by a significant reduction in active aluminum content. In conclusion，the silicon-calcium-magnesium amendment effectively alleviated acid stress in strongly acidic yellow and red soils by neutralizing soil acidity， supplementing key nutrients （ Ca ， Mg ，Si），and significantly reducing exchangeable acidity-particularly exchangeable Al3+ -and active aluminum content.

Key words： acidic soil; soil amendment; exchangeable acidity; active aluminum； nutrient availability

受自然因素和不合理的农业生产活动等影响，土壤酸化在全球范围内普遍发生，已成为制约农业可持续发展的重要因素之一。（剩余12054字）