农村社会养老保险政策的相对贫困缓解效应研究

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中图分类号：F320.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1673-9868（2026）02-0111-16

Abstract： After eliminating absolute poverty and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects， alleviating relative poverty has become an important part of achieving the strategic goal of common prosperity.Based on the relative poverty index of 22 provincial administrative units from 1995 to 2022，this study employed a fuzzy regression discontinuity empirical model，considering the temporal development stages of rural social pension insurance policies. It takes the launch of new rural social pension insurance pilot in 2O09 as the establishment discontinuity point and the integration of new rural social pension insurance with the social endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in 2Ol4 as the merger discontinuity point to investigate the relative poverty allviation effect of rural social pension insurance. The research results indicated that，after accounting for factors such as the economic development level of each province， the living conditions of rural residents，and the rural population situation，the establishment and merger of rural social pension insurance policies reduced the relative poverty index by 0.048 5and O.O05 1，respectively. Further mechanism analysis showed that the reduction in the proportion of the primary industry was at the levels of 0.92% and 8.78% ，respectively，and the increase in medical fiscal expenditure was at the levels of 4.78% and 2.73% ，respectively，strengthening the role of the establishment and merger of rural social pension insurance policies to aleviate relative poverty. At the same time，the policy effect of rural social pension insurance on allviating relative poverty had significant spatial heterogeneity. Based on this，it is necessary to further improve and reform the rural social pension insurance policy，accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the industrial structure in rural areas，appropriately increase medical and health financial expenditures，and adjust the rural social pension insurance policy according to local development trends.

Key words： rural social pension insurance policy; relative poverty; relative poverty index; fuzzy regression discontinuity model

在党中央的领导下，我国已取得脱贫攻坚战的全面胜利，绝对贫困业已消除，人民生活水平大幅提升。（剩余12626字）