瘦素在雄性生殖中的调控作用

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中图分类号：S852.21 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004-390X（2025）06-0089-08

Abstract： [Purpose] As a key metabolic hormone， leptin is recognized not only for regulating appetite and energy balance， but also for its significant influence on male reproductive health. This paper reviews the involvement of leptin in testicular function， spermatogenesis，steroid biosynthesis，and related signaling pathways， summarizing and assessng recent research progress regarding the role of leptin in the regulation of male reproduction， providing a reference for future research and clinical applications， as wellas theoretical support for livestock breeding and selection in animal husbandry.

[Methods] A systematic search was conducted in databases including PubMed， Web of Science， and Google Scholar to retrieve literature on the relationship between leptin and male reproduction published in recent years.Based on criteria concerning the relevance of subjects， methods，and findings， 62 representative articles were included for comprehensive analysis. [Results] Leptin plays a crucial role in regulating male reproductive hormone levels， enhancing spermatogenesis，and maintaining testicular function via its receptor. Optimal leptin concentration can improve sperm motility and quality， whereas excessive levels may impair testicular function. Furthermore， leptin resistance， which is often associated with obesity， is closely linked to declined reproductive capacity，likely inVolving mechanisms such as impaired leptin signaling pathways and the dysregulation of related molecules. [Conclusion] Leptin plays a pivotal role in the regulation of male reproduction. Changes in its concentration and the regulation of its signaling pathways are critical for maintaining normal reproductive functions.Leptin resistance is a significant factor contributing to reduced fertility in obese males.Future research should further explore the fine-tuned regulatory mechanisms of leptin in reproductive health and develop therapeutic strategies targeting leptin resistance to ameliorate obesity-related reproductive issues.

Keywords： leptin; male reproduction; testicular function; spermatogenesis; steroid biosynthesis

随着社会经济的快速发展，人类的饮食结构也发生了改变，在一定程度上加速了肥胖在中国的发展[1]，特别是男性肥胖，进而引起血压升高、加速衰老、生育能力下降等多种问题[2-3]。（剩余19518字）