23种药用植物提取物对烟草白粉病的抑菌活性及田间防效

打开文本图片集

中图分类号：S435.72 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004-390X（2025）06-0025-0

Abstract： [Purpose] To explore the control effects of different medicinal plant extracts on tobacco powdery mildew，providing a theoretical basis for developing plant-derived fungicides. [Methods] A spore germination assay was conducted to assess the indoor inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts from 23 medicinal plants on Erysiphe cichoracearum. Subsequently， field trials were performed to evaluate the control efficacy of selected extracts.[Results]The determination of virulence indoors showed that： when the mass concentration of the extract was 6mg/mL ， the spore germination of tobacco powdery mildew was inhibited by the extracts of 22 medicinal plants except Portulaca oleracea. Field experiments showed that： when the mass concentration of the extract was 3mg/mL ，the Cnidium monnieri extract exhibited apreventive efficacy of 73.85% ，which was not significantly different from that of triadimefon （82.05%） ; the therapeutic efficacies of C. monnieri，acleaya cordata， and Angelica dahurica were 66.67% 68.52% and 66.67% ，respectively，which were comparable to that of triadimefon （66.67%） . The regression analysis of virulence showed that： the preventive median effective concentration （EC50） of C. monnieri extract （ 0.003mg/mL ）wasobviously lower than its therapeutic EC50 value （0.733mg/mL） ）; conversely，M. cordata extract displayed a lower therapeutic EC50 0 0.690mg/mL ） compared to its preventive EC50 （ 1.148mg/mL ； and the therapeutic EC50 of A dahurica was 0.897mg/mL .Thus， C. monnieri extract demonstrated superior preventive potential， whereas M. cordata extract exhibited stronger therapeutic effects. [Conclusion] Considering the inhibitory activity of medicinal plant extracts on spore germination of tobacco powdery mildew， the stability of indoor inhibitory activity and the cost of medicinal plants， the ethanol extracts of C monnieri， M. cordata， and A. dahurica are effective in controling tobacco powdery mildew and have the to be developed as green fungicides.

Keywords： medicinal plant extracts; tobacco powdery; field control efficacy; inhibitory activity

烟草白粉病是烟草栽培中的关键病害，严重影响叶片生理功能及烟叶产质量，制约着烟草产业的绿色可持续发展。（剩余9386字）