德宏奶水牛泌乳中期脂肪组织脂质代谢相关基因的表达特征及其与乳脂率的关联

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中图分类号： S823.9+1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004-390X（2025）06-0074-08

Abstract： [Purpose] To investigate the relationship between the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in adipose tissue and milk fat percentage in Dehong dairy buffalo. [Methods] Dehong dairy buffaloes were classified into a high milk fat percentage group （Group H） and a low milk fat percentage group （Group L） based on their milk fat percentage. Three buffaloes from each group were randomly selected and slaughtered to collect subcutaneous adipose tissue for total RNA extraction. The expression levels of genes related to lipid synthesis， transport， transcriptional regulation， and lipolysis were determined using real-time quantitative PCR， and analyzed for correlation with milk fat percentage. Additionally， a protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed to identify key gene targets regulating milk fat synthesis. [Results] In Group H， the expression levels of most genes involved in lipid synthesis， transport， and transcriptional regulation （e.g.， FASN， FABP3， VLDLR， AGPAT2， PPARy） and the gene related to fatty acid β -oxidation CPTlA were significantly lower than those in Group L （P<0.05） ； the expression levels of lipolysis-related genes （ATGL and HSL）were significantly higher than those in Group L （P<0.05） .Correlation analysis showed that genes involved in lipid synthesis，transport， and transcriptional regulation （e.g.，FASN，FATP1，PIN1， SCD） were significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with milk fat percentage 1 （P<0.05 or P<0.01 ）， whereas lipolysis genes （ATGL and HSL） were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with milk fat percentage P≪0.05 or P<0.01 ）. PPI network analysis suggested that SCD， PPARy， FASN，and GPAT1 might be key gene targets regulating lipid metabolism. [Conclusion] There are significant differences in the expression of lipid metabolism genes in the adipose tissue of Dehong dairy buffaloes with different milk fat percentages.Low expression of genes related to lipid synthesis and transport， and high expression of genes related to lipolysis may facilitate fat mobilization， providing substrates for mammary synthesis of milk fat， which may be an important metabolic basis for the high milk fat characteristics ofDehong dairy buffalo.

Keywords： Dehong dairy buffalo; adipose tissue; milk fat percentage; lipid metabolism

乳脂率是衡量奶牛生产性能的重要指标，对农场的整体生产力和经济效益具有显著影响。（剩余13655字）