清代乾隆朝的灾害匿报问题及其治理

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Abstract： Disasters have been reported since the ancient times. Under the reign of the Qianlong Emperor during the Qing dynasty， there has been a relatively perfect disaster reporting system， but the phenomenon of disaster concealment is still unceasing. By sorting out the cases of concealing disasters in the Qianlong Dynasty， analyzing the causes of concealing disasters and their prevention and treatment by the Qianlong Emperor， the paper finds that the phenomenon of disaster concealment could not be completely eliminated due to three reasons： first， the judgment of local officials on whether or not to confirm a disaster is still the difficulty of reporting disasters in the localities; second， there has always been systematic defect in the response to disasters in the Qianlong Dynasty; third， the Qianlong Emperor's punishment of officials for concealing disasters is exacerbated or mitigated by the human factor， which undermines the authority of disaster reporting.

Keywords： Qianlong Dynasty; Disasters; Concealment

灾害奏报是中国古代信息上报的重要内容。（剩余10533字）