土壤水分对设施草莓的影响研究

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中图分类号：S668.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0488-5368（2025）12-0048-08

Abstract： Using a greenhouse-based planting box cultivation system，this study used‘Hongyan’ strawberry as the experimental material and selected the flowering and fruiting stages as the observation period.A total of 12 soil moisture treatments were designed to investigatethe efects ofvarying moisture levels on plant growth，fruit yield，and fruit quality. Compared with 40% and 100% soil moisture，plants under 60% and 80% moisture conditions exhibited smaler stem diameters but larger plant height-to-root length ratios.Yield showed an“N”- shaped response to increasing soil moisture：the highest yield was obtained when moisture was maintained at （2 80% during flowering and 70% during fruiting，while the lowest yield occurred under a continuous 40% moistureregime throughout both stages.Fruit size initially increased and then decreased as soil moisture rose，peaking at 80% . The fruiting stage was identified as the critical period during which soil moisture significantly influenced malformation and disease incidence，showing astrong positive linear correlation.The flowering stage was critical for ascorbic acid accumulation，whereas fruiting-stage soil moisture had a greater effect on titratable acidity and the sugar-acid ratio.In contrast，thecontents of solublesolidsand totalflavonoids were not significantly correlated with soil moisture.Consideringboth water-use eficiencyandeconomic yield，itisrecommended tomaintain slightly drier soil conditions （～60% ）during flowering and apply moderate rehydration （～70% ）during fruiting to achieve an optimal input -output ratio.If water consumption was nota limiting factor，maintaining slightly wetter conditions （ ～80% ）throughout both stages could maximize yield. However，prolonged soil moisture deficiency （～40% ） during these stages significantly reduces strawberry yield. This study provides a theoretical basis for precision irigation in greenhouse strawberry cultivation and supports the goal of achieving a balance among water conservation，high yield，and fruit quality.

Key words：Soil moisture; Greenhouse strawberry; Flowering and fruiting stages; Irrigation; Yield; Quality

草莓（Fragariaananassa）作为“水果皇后”，其果实颜色鲜艳，口感上佳1，同时具有较高的营养价值，富含多种维生素[2]，是目前世界范围内广泛种植的高经济作物之一[3]。（剩余9219字）