轴重提升对重载铁路轮轨接触特性的影响分析

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中图分类号：TH115 文献标识码：A

Abstract：To address the unclear mechanism of dynamic wheel-rail interaction and the evolution law of contact characteristics during axle load increase in heavy-haul railways，as well as engineering issues such as abnormal contact stress and contact patch shape distortion caused by high axle loads，this study conducts relevant research to analyze the intrinsic correlation between axle load and wheel-rail contact behavior and support the formulation of axle load increase strategies. A combined simulation method of multibody dynamics and finite element is adopted，with wheelrail systems under three typical axle loads as the research objects： a model is established based on the principle of multibody dynamics to obtain the time-history data of vertical and lateral wheelrail forces under different axle loads;a refined contact model is built based on the finite element theory，with dynamic data as input to analyze the dynamic response of axle load on the shape of contact patches and stress distribution. The results show that the increase in axle load significantly changes wheel-rail characteristics：the vertical and lateral forces show nonlinear growth;the increase in lateral force intensifies the lateral displacement of wheel sets， prompting contact patches to shift to the outer side of rails，and the maximum stress concentration area expands to the gauge corner; the contact patch area expands with increasing axle load，and the stress distribution evolves from an elipse to an irregular polygon. This study reveals the law of wheel-rail interaction under the influence of axle load，indicating that contact with smallcurvature radius under high axle load tends to cause asymmetric polygonization of stress，and provides theoretical basis and engineering guidance for wheel-rail optimization and disease prevention during axle load increase in heavy-haul railways.

Keywords： heavy duty truck;small radius curve；wheel-rail contact; dynamic performance

随着全球重载铁路运输向大轴重、高密度方向发展，轴重参数对轮轨界面损伤演化的影响日益显著[1]。（剩余6150字）